Throughout His ministry, Jesus often turned societal norms upside down, challenging our perceptions of greatness, power, and reward. One of His most profound and puzzling statements is: “So those who are last now will be first then, and those who are first will be last” (Matthew 20:16, NLT). This phrase appears in various contexts in the Gospels, and its implications are far-reaching. Let’s unpack its meaning and explore how it applies to our lives today.
The Context of the Statement
- The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard (Matthew 20:1-16): Jesus tells a story about a landowner who hires workers throughout the day, from early morning to late afternoon. At the end of the day, he pays all the workers the same wage, regardless of how long they worked. This surprises and angers those who worked the longest. The landowner reminds them that he is free to be generous with his resources. Here, Jesus’ statement about the last being first underscores the radical nature of God’s grace. His kingdom does not operate on human systems of merit or fairness. Everyone receives the same reward—eternal life—not because of their effort but because of God’s generosity.
- The Rich Young Ruler (Matthew 19:16-30): Just before the parable, a rich young man walks away from Jesus, unwilling to give up his wealth. Jesus comments on how difficult it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of heaven. When Peter asks what the disciples will receive for following Him, Jesus promises rewards but cautions with, “Many who are first will be last, and many who are last will be first” (Matthew 19:30). Here, the statement highlights the inversion of worldly values. Wealth, status, and privilege do not guarantee a place of honor in God’s kingdom. Instead, humility and dependence on God take precedence.
Key Principles Behind the Statement
- God’s Grace is Unmerited: The kingdom of God operates on grace, not merit. Just as the workers in the vineyard all received the same wage, salvation is a gift given freely to all who believe, regardless of when or how they come to faith. This truth challenges our human sense of fairness but magnifies God’s generosity.
- Humility is Key: Jesus often taught that true greatness comes through humility and service. In Mark 9:35, He says, “If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.” Those who exalt themselves will be humbled, but those who humble themselves will be exalted (Luke 14:11).
- God’s Justice is Different from Human Justice: In a world where the “first” are often those with power, wealth, and influence, Jesus’ words remind us that God’s justice prioritizes the meek, the marginalized, and the faithful. The “last” in society—the overlooked and undervalued—will find honor in His kingdom.
- The Heart Matters More Than Actions: The workers in the vineyard who labored all day resented the landowner’s generosity. Their complaint reveals a transactional mindset: “I worked harder, so I deserve more.” But God values the heart’s posture over the quantity of work. A person who comes to faith late in life is no less valuable than someone who has followed Christ for decades.
Application for Today
- Rejoice in God’s Grace: Avoid comparing your spiritual journey to others. Whether you’ve served God for decades or are just beginning, His grace is sufficient. Celebrate that His kingdom is open to all.
- Serve with Humility: Seek opportunities to serve others, especially those society deems “last.” In doing so, you reflect the heart of Christ, who came not to be served but to serve (Mark 10:45).
- Value People Over Status: Resist the temptation to measure worth by achievements, possessions, or influence. Instead, honor and uplift those who might be overlooked by the world.
- Trust God’s Justice: Life may seem unfair at times, but trust that God’s justice will prevail. The “last” may experience hardship now, but they will be exalted in His kingdom.
Final Thoughts
Jesus’ statement about the last being first and the first being last challenges us to rethink our values and priorities. It reminds us that God’s kingdom is not about earning or deserving but about grace, humility, and service. As we follow Christ, let’s strive to embody these principles, trusting that His justice and mercy will make all things right in the end.
